Section 1.3 The Science of Psychology

Section 1.3 The Science of Psychology

Unlike parapsychology, Psychological theory and applications are based on scientific research. Following the 6 steps of the scientific method, Psychologists are able to ensure the validity (how valid the research is) and the reliability (how reliable is the information to do what it claims to) of their results. One of the most important aspects of the scientific method is the development of a hypothesis: a specific prediction of how one variable affects another.

There are two broad types of research – basic research and applied research. Basic research is usually done in labs and tries to explore new theories, while applied research is conducted outside the lab and is most associated with change. In other words, applied research tries to apply the knowledge gained from basic research.

Psychology is also closely tied with a Code of Ethics, as set out by the American Psychological Association, the leading governing body for Psychology in North America. This Code of Ethics is designed to protect participants (subjects) and the research from undue harm and inaccurate conclusions based on their study techniques/method.

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